Textile looms



Dec. 15, 1964 w. 'SCHEFFEL 3,151,209

TEXTILE LOOMS Filed May 20, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

WALTER SCHEFFEL BY ATTORNEY Dec. 15, 1964 w. SCHEFFEL 3,161,209

TEXTILE LOQMS Filed May 20, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 F4 5 33 32 a3 32 33 32 33 a2 Jnv enfor:

AnazWE) United States Patent 3,161,209 TEXTILE LGGMS Walter Ssheflel, Industriestrasse 53, Weissenhurg, Bavaria, Germany Filed May 20, 1.960, Ser. No. 39,476 Claims priority, application Germany May 25, 1959 9 Claims. ((1 l39- -l27) The present invention relates to improvements in textile looms, and more particularly to an improvement in textile looms having pneumatic picking systems.

The usual textile looms having pneumatic picking systems are disadvantageous since only fabrics of limited width can be produced on such looms. Furthermore, the yarn breakage is high in such looms.

Looms having a pneumatic picking system according to the present invention, however, permit the production thereon of wide fabrics. Moreover, the present invention substantially reduces the risk of yarn breakage. Also, the performance of the loom is greatly improved. Finally, despite the use of a shuttleless pneumatic picking action, firm selvages can be formed along the fabric edges.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an improved textile loom having pneumatic picking systems.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved textile loom having a pneumatic picking system upon which wide fabrics may be produced.

In order that the present invention may be more readily understood reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of pneumatic equipment in a loom having blow and suction pipes and also air admission elements;

FIGURE 2 is a side view of a device which permits insertion of picks into wide fabrics without the use of pilot p p FIGURE 3 is one form of construction of air admission elements for use with the device illustrated in FIG. 2;

FIGURE 4 is an enlarged detail view of an air admission element according to FIG. 3;

FIGURE 5 is a schematic representation of a modified form of air admission element.

The pneumatic apparatus shown schematically in FIG- URE 1 comprises a blower 1, a blow pipe 29, a suction pipe 35% and a connecting pipe 4 extending from suction pipe 39 to the blower 1. The weft thread S is supplied by the bobbin 9. The blower 1 draws in the surrounding air in thedirection of arrow B and forces it into the blow pipe 29 in the direction of arrow A maintaining a continuous flow of air, its pressure being only slightly above the pressure of the atmosphere. The weft thread to be fed into the machine runs through a yarn-measuring cone 8. The thread S coming from a cone 9 runs through the yarn brake l4 and is presented at the cone 8 by a weft changer 16. The cone i5 is proivded with an entraining 7 member 17 which picks up the weft thread which is presented by the device 16 causing the winding of the thread onto the cone 8. The winding continues until the entraining member which is mounted tiltably at the cone 8, is tilted. This tilting is effected by a control pulse generated once in the course of each revolution by a cam on the main drive shaft of the loom. Upon the tilting of the entraining member 17 the dual level will cause the yarn brake 14 to open and the yarn brake 14 to close. The weft thread S which runs also through theyarn brake 1 can nowbecause the yarn brake .14 is open-be carried by the air flow coming from the blower l to the blow pipe 29 and blown toward the shed. The air issuing from the air admission elements 23 and 24 now impinges upon the thread, supports it, and

carries it along in its direction of flight. Moreover, suction pipe 30 applies a suction effect to the weft thread S. These effects in combination constrain the weft thread S to stay in its predetermined trajectory along a considerable width of cloth.

In the device shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 tubes 23 and 24 which serve as air admission means are secured to the sley 22. In their operative position the surfaces of the air admission elements 23 and 24 facing the interior of the shed 25 bear on the warp threads from both sides of the shed.

ln longitudinal section the tubes 23 and 24 may have the shape illustrated in FIG. 3. Facing the shed the pipes form nozzles which project saw-tooth fashion. From the faces of the teeth 26 and 27 the airadmitted through U and V issues in the direction of arrows P and P. In other words, the nozzles point in a direction for dis charge of the air from tubes 23 and 24 in the direction of the travelling weft thread S.

Furthermore, the nozzles are so contrived that the air issuing therefrom will flow in the longitudinal axis of the pick, as indicated by arrows C, D, E and F in FIG. 2. As illustrated more particularly in FIG. 4, the Warp threads K rest on the backs 28 of the teeth.

The blow and suction pipes may be stationary and located on each side of the warp shed as shown schematically in FIGURES 1 and 3.

FIG. 5 shows one of the air admission elements, of which a pair is always provided of a kind suitable for picking from both selvedges of the cloth. The illustrated air admission element is likewise embodied in a tube marked 31. The tube is again formed with saw-tooth nozzles. However, these are now arranged to point alternately to one edge of the cloth and the other. This is clearly shown in FIG. 5 where the saw-teeth from which the air issues to the left are marked 32, whereas the saw-teeth from which the air issues to the right are marked 33. Moreover, the nozzles are so contrived that the compressed air entering tube 31 from the right or from the left will always issue from the nozzles in the direction of air admission. In other words, the air from V will always issue from nozzles 33 and the air from W will issue from nozzles 32. Consequently, when the direction of air flow through pipe 31 is reversed, the direction of air flow issuing from the air admission elements towards the axis of the trajectory of the weft thread will likewise be reversed. By reversal of the flow direction in the air admission elements and by the simultaneous reversal of the air flow through the suction and blow pipes the insertion of the weft thread can be effected turn and turn-about from each edge of the cloth.

When the weft thread has been carried through the shed it is beaten up by a batten in the conventional manner.

In the illustrated example the nozzles and the admission pipes are of one-piece construction. In a practical embodiment of the invetnion this is by no means essential. Moreover, there is no necessity for the nozzles to be of saw-tooth pattern, provided they are appropriately contrived to discharge air into the shed towards the longitudinal axis of the weft thread trajectory in the direction of insertion of the pick whilst leaving the warp threads out side the flow pattern.

it is furthermore, unnecessary to atlix the air admission elements to they sley. They may be advanced on to the warp and withdraw independently of the motions of the sley. The path of motion of the air admission elements may be shortened if they do not thus participate in the reciprocation of the sley.

What I claim is:

1. In a loom for producing woven fabrics of a considerable width having a pneumatic picking system comprising a blow pipe located adjacent the side of the warp, means for admitting aweft thread to said blow pipe, and

means for supplying compressed air to said blow pipe admission element extending across the Width of the fabric adjacent to the shedding point, and compressed air being supplied to said element, said air admission element being formed by an air pipe adjacent the shedding point extending outside of the warp threads and transversely thereto, the side of said air pipe facing the shed being constructed in a saw-tooth manner, said air pipe including a plurality of nozzles spaced across the width of the fabric and arranged in the faces of the respective teeth formed 7 on said air pipe, said nozzles being arranged to face in the direction of motion of said weft thread with the compressed air passing from said nozzles generating an air current in the direction of motion of the traversing weft thread to maintain the same in its predetermined trajectory across the width of the'fabric.

2. A loom according to claim l, wherein said air admission pipes are movable relative to said warp, the position of said pipes being close to the warp thread during on thebacks of the teeth formed, on said airadmission of means for maintaining the weft thread in a predetermined trajectory along a considerable width of fabric comprising at least one air admissionelement extending across the Width of the fabric adjacent to the shedding point, and compressed'air being supplied to said element, said air admission element being formed by an air pipe extending outside of the warp threads and transverse- 1y thereto adjacent the shedding point, said air pipe including a plurality of nozzles spaced across the width of the fabric for directing air toward the trajectory of said traversing weft thread in the direction of travel of the weft thread to generate an air current in the direction of i the motion of the traversing weft thread to maintain the same in its predetermined trajectory across the width of thefabricr V 1 a 7. A loom according to claim 6, wherein the loom includes a reed,;said airadmission elements being separated from the reed and wherein said air admission pipes are adjusted to a position means for adjusting the position of said elements in such a marmer that they may be brought closetothe warp threads atleastwhen inserting the weft threads. v I r 8. A "loom having a pneumatic. picking system comprising a pair of pipes, [one offsaid pipes being located insertion of said weft thread so that the warp threads'rest v pipes whereby air can escape from said nozzles to gen- I erate said air current.

3. A loom according-to claim 1 ,wherein the faces of the teeth formed on said elementall face in the same direction. I I a j V i 4. A loomaccording toclaim 1, further includinga I sley, and wherein they are a pair of said air admission l elements secured to' said sley, said elements being arranged on opposite sides of the shed and in the operative position thereof bearing on thenwarp threads'from both sides of the shed.

5. A loom having a pneumatic picking system comprising a pair of pipes, one of said pipes being located on one side of the selvage of the fabric, the other of said pipes being located on the other side of said selvage, said pipes being adapted toselectively operate as a blow pipe for passinga weft thread through the shed from either side thereof along. a predetermined trajectory, means for admitting a weft thread to the blow pipe, means for supplying compressed air to the blow pipe whereby said weft thread is propelled through the shed, and means for maintaining the weft thread in its predetermined trajectory across. a considerable width of fabric, said last-mentioned means including at least one pair of air admission eleformed byrair pipes extending outside of the shed and transversely over the warp,the side of said air pipes facing the shed being constructed ina saw-toothmanner, said air pipes each including a plurality of nozzles spaced across the width of the fabric andarranged in the face'siof;

the teeth formed on the respective air pipe, said nozzles, in

oneof said air pipes facing inthe opposite direction vwith I respect to the nozzles intheother of said air pipes, and

means for supplying compressedair to the one of said'air pipes having nozzles facingin the'direction of motion of said weft thread to generate an air current in the direction- 7 of motion of the traversing weft thread to maintain the same in its predetermined trajectory across the width of the fabric.-

on one side of the selvage of the fabric, the other of said pipes being located on'the other side of said selvage, each said pipe being adapted to selectively operate as a blow pipe for passing a weft thread through the shed from either side. thereof along a predetermined trajectory, means for admitting a weft thread to the blow pipe, means for supplying compressed air to the blow pipe whereby-said weft threadlis propelled through'the shed,

and means for maintaining the weft thread in'its predetermined trajectory across acon'siderable widthof'fabric,

said last-mentioned meansincludingtwo pairs of air admission'elements extending across the width of the fabric adjacent to the shedding point, said pairs being arranged V respectively above and below the shed, each said air admission elements beingformed by an air pipe extending outside of the shed and transversely over the-warp, the

side of saidzair pipe facingthe shed being constructed in a saw-tooth'manner, each said air pipe including a plurality of nozzles spaced across the width of, the fabric and arrangedin the faces of the teeth formedthereon, said nozzles in one of said airjpipes; of'each pair facing in the 1 opposite direction with respect to the'nozzles in the other ments extending across the width of the fabric adjacent i to the shedding point, said air admission elements being 1 to said blow pipe whereby said-weft threadis propelled f throughqthe' shed, ,the improvementg consisting essen ially} air pipe of, the respective pair, and compressed air being supplied to the one of said air pipes of each pair having nozzles, facing in the direction of motion ofsaid weft thread to generate an air current in the direction-of motion, of the traversingWeft-thread to maintain the same ingits 'predeterminedtrajectory across thefwidth of the.

fabric.

V 9. In a loom'for producing woven fabrics ofla consider able width having a pneumatic picking system comprising a blow pipe located adjacent the side of the warp, means for admitting a weft thread to said blow pipe, and means for supplying. compressed air to said-blow pipe whereby saidweft'thread is propelled through the shed, the improvement consisting essentially of: means for maintaining the/weft thread in; a predetermined trajectory along a considerable width of fabric' comprising a pair of air ad- 'mission elements extending across the 'widthof the fabric adjacent. to the shedding point, said1 elements being arranged respectively above and below the shed, compressed air being supplied tof'said elements, each said air admission element being formed by an air pipe adjacentsthe a, shedding 'point extending outsidejof the v wangithreads and transyerselyfthereto, the side of said air pipefzicing the .being constructed. inv a saw-tooth manner, said air pip cludinga 'plurality of nozzles spaced across the V v Sf-the fabric andfarranged inthefaceso'f the re-i, spectiveteethformed on said air pipe, said nozzles 'being 'Eerranged to" face in the direction of motion of said weft 7 thread the compressed air passing from said i nozzle References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,096,283 Brooks May 12, 1914 6 1,721,940 Ballou July 23, 1929 2,637,349 Dunharn May 5, 1953 2,662,556 Svaty Dec. 15, 1953 2,720,223 Svaty Oct. 11, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,191,206 France Apr. 6, 1959 (Corresponding Great Britain862,093, Mar. 1, 1961) 1,196,635 France May 25, 1959 (Corresponding Great Britain-860,970, Feb. 15, 1961) 366,473 Italy Ian. 12, 1938 583,830 Italy Oct. 18, 1958 

1. IN A LOOM FOR PRODUCING WOVEN FABRICS OF A CONSIDERABLE WIDTH HAVING A PNEUMATIC PICKING SYSTEM COMPRISING A BLOW PIPE LOCATED ADJACENT THE SIDE OF THE WARP, MEANS FOR ADMITTING A WEFT THREAD TO SAID BLOW PIPE, AND MEANS FOR SUPPLYING COMPRESSED AIR TO SAID BLOW PIPE WHEREBY SAID WEFT THREAD IS PROPELLED THROUGH THE SHED, THE IMPROVEMENT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF MEANS FOR MAINTAINING THE WEFT THREAD IN A PREDETERMINED TRAJECTORY ALONG A CONSIDERABLE WIDTH OF FABRIC COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE AIR ADMISSION ELEMENT EXTENDING ACROSS THE WIDTH OF THE FABRIC ADJACENT TO THE SHEDDING POINT, AND COMPRESSED AIR BEING SUPPLIED TO SAID ELEMENT, SAID AIR ADMISSION ELEMENT BEING FORMED BY AN AIR PIPE ADJACENT THE SHEDDING POINT EXTENDING OUTSIDE OF THE WARP THREADS AND TRANSVERSELY THERETO, THE SIDE OF SAID AIR PIPE FACING THE SHED BEING CONSTRUCTED IN A SAW-TOOTH MANNER, SAID AIR PIPE INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF NOZZLES SPACED ACROSS THE WIDTH OF THE FABRIC AND ARRANGED IN THE FACES OF THE RESPECTIVE TEETH FORMED ON SAID AIR PIPE, SAID NOZZLES BEING ARRANGED TO FACE IN THE DIRECTION OF MOTION OF SAID WEFT THREAD WITH THE COMPRESSED AIR PASSING FROM SAID NOZZLES GENERATING AN AIR CURRENT IN THE DIRECTION OF MOTION OF THE TRAVERSING WEFT THREAD TO MAINTAIN THE SAME IN ITS PREDETERMINED TRAJECTORY ACROSS THE WIDTH OF THE FABRIC. 